Güvercinkayası Mound Perched atop a towering rock formation within the waters of Mamasin Dam Lake, Güvercinkayası is an ancient settlement that dates back to approximately 5200–4750 BC. It is recognized as an early model of a "fortified city" in Anatolia and stands as one of the oldest known examples of such a settlement in Central Anatolia. Archaeological excavations at Güvercinkayası began in 1996, revealing numerous findings that point to regional cultural exchange. Among these discoveries, ceramic pieces provide evidence of connections between Anatolia and Mesopotamia. The ancient village was structured in two main sections: an inner fortress and a lower residential area. Protective walls built at the summit safeguarded the citadel homes, which were notably larger and richer in archaeological finds compared to the houses in the lower area. The layout of the settlement reveals narrow and elongated single-room dwellings, each covering about 20 to 30 square meters. These homes were constructed in organized housing blocks separated by small alleyways and followed the natural contours of the rocky terrain. Behind each dwelling were storage spaces used to keep grain and essential household supplies. The defensive wall that divides the flat summit from the sloped residential terraces is one of the earliest known examples of social stratification through architectural planning. Archaeologists have also uncovered animal bones belonging to species such as red deer, giant deer, roe deer, wild cattle, mountain sheep, goats, and even lions. Today, Güvercinkayası remains a meaningful landmark, contributing to the dynamic life surrounding Mamasin Dam Lake. If you have any questions or would like more information about the Güvercinkayası Mound, please feel free to reach out to us at [email protected] or simply contact us via WhatsApp. We’ll be happy to assist you as soon as possible.