Pamukkale, which translates to “Cotton Castle” in Turkish, is one of Turkey’s most fascinating locations and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988.
The travertine terraces are unique natural formations created by thermal springs with a temperature of about 35 degrees Celsius. The spring water is rich in calcium bicarbonate, chalk, and limestone. These travertines flow down the slopes naturally, resembling a stunning frozen waterfall.
Pamukkale presents an extraordinary and almost surreal landscape unlike anywhere else in Turkey. It is located approximately 2 hours from the ancient city of Ephesus. There is also an airport roughly 45 minutes away from the terraces, with multiple daily flights from Istanbul.
Hierapolis Ancient City, founded in the 2nd century B.C., was a significant Roman city known for its thermal springs. It served as an ancient healing center. The city holds the largest necropolis (cemetery) in Anatolia, containing around 1200 graves. What sets Hierapolis apart are the grand limestone and marble tombs, sarcophagi, and house-shaped tombs. The city also features a theater with a capacity of 20,000 people and the notable St. Philip Martyrium.
There is plenty to explore in the Pamukkale region, so we have put together a list of various excursions for you to learn more about: