Pamukkale, which translates to “Cotton Castle” in Turkish, stands as one of Turkey’s most remarkable locations and has been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1988.
The travertine terraces are unique natural formations created by thermal springs with a temperature of approximately 35 degrees Celsius. The spring waters are rich in calcium bicarbonate, chalk, and limestone. These travertines flow down the hillside in a way that closely resembles a frozen waterfall.
Pamukkale presents a surreal and extraordinary landscape unlike anything else found in Turkey. It is located about 2 hours away from the Ephesus Ancient City. Additionally, there is an airport approximately 45 minutes from the travertine formations, with multiple daily flights from Istanbul.
Hierapolis Ancient City, established in the 2nd century B.C., was historically a significant Roman city famed for its thermal springs. It served as a healing center in ancient times. The site features the largest necropolis (cemetery) in Anatolia, containing around 1200 graves. What distinguishes Hierapolis Ancient City are its grand limestone and marble tombs, sarcophagi, and house-shaped tombs. The city also includes a theatre with a 20,000-seat capacity and the notable St. Philip Martyrium.